This article discusses religious toponyms and the history of their origin. Also, the author, using the examples of the verses of the Holy Quran, expounds the etymology of such names of places as mountains, valleys, cities, hills, villages, which have preserved historical and national significance in their content.

The article is discussed to the issues of variant compatibility in the Uzbek language, its place in fiction, and its use in poetry.

In this article, the study of such terms as concept, conceptualization, categorization, conceptual semantics, linguistic semantics, microconcept, macroconcept, verbalizer, verbal means, non-verbal means, which are widely used in world linguistics, by linguists, as well as the opinions put forward by each scientist within the framework of terms are being studied. It is also explained that when a person understands, compares, compares and observes the realities of material existence, the term concept and the process of categorization are comprehended, a conceptual picture of the world composed of concepts is formed in his mind, and the expression of these concepts through the language units of certain language levels.

Production in the agricultural and industrial sectors fell in the early years of independence while management complexity increased.  This was because Uzbekistan was economically dependent, its businesses couldn't function on their own, and they were totally reliant on factories, machinery, and other imports from other areas.  Those relationships were destroyed when the former Soviet Union fell apart.  To overcome the economic downturn and stabilize the macro-economy, Uzbekistan has taken action.  The stages of Uzbekistan's post-independence economic stabilization and development are covered in this article.

Determine the influence of the image of Raskolnikov from the novel by F. M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment" to create the image of Ethan Hawley - the hero of the novel by the American writer J. Steinbeck "The Winter of Our Anxiety".

As the social network becomes popular, the amount of conflicting text is expanding. The increase in the number of provocative messages affecting the security of the Republic of Uzbekistan, inciting national-ethnic conflicts, promoting war and extremism, creates the need to examine these types of texts. In the process of expertise, it is necessary to determine the limits of the powers of the linguist-expert. The article covers the issues of distinguishing and justifying the linguistic and legal components of the issue in the linguistic expertise carried out on political texts.

Phraseology, the study of fixed expressions, plays a significant role in developing linguistic and intercultural communication competences. Understanding and using fixed expressions such as idioms and collocations is essential to understand the meaning of a sentence or a text and to communicate effectively in a language. It also helps in developing intercultural communication competences as different cultures have different fixed expressions. Teaching and learning phraseology can be done through various techniques such as using authentic materials and games and activities. Therefore, phraseology is a vital component of language learning and teaching and has significant implications for developing effective communication skills.

In this article, first of all, what nouns exist in English and Uzbek linguistics, their types, and etymological aspects are introduced. Then, brief information about the methods of the deonymization process of transferring common nouns to similar nouns will be given. The article provides examples for deanonymization, examples taken from existing sources.

The field of data integration plays a crucial role in extracting meaningful insights from diverse data sources. Extract, Transform, Load (ETL) processes form the backbone of data integration, enabling organizations to consolidate, clean, and analyze data from various systems. However, the traditional approach to ETL development often suffers from inefficiencies and a lack of scalability. This article proposes a model-driven framework for ETL process development, aiming to accelerate the integration process and improve overall efficiency. By leveraging a model-driven approach, organizations can streamline their ETL workflows, reduce development time, and increase data integration agility. This article delves into the details of the proposed framework, outlining its benefits and discussing its potential applications in the realm of data integration.

The development of research methodology is a crucial aspect of research that determines the reliability and validity of the results. This article provides an overview of the development of methodology and its types, including quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research. The article highlights the importance of selecting an appropriate methodology based on the research question, the nature of the data, and the intended use of the results. The study also discusses the various stages involved in developing a research methodology, such as research questions, hypotheses, sampling, data collection, and data analysis. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of transparency and rigor in developing and reporting research methodology.

According to Dahl, a riddle is "an allegory or allusion, a roundabout speech, a bluff, a brief allegorical description of a subject, proposed for a solution." The most accurate definition of a riddle is V.P. Anikin: "A riddle is a poetic complex image of a thing or event, made to test the ingenuity of a person, as well as to instill a poetic view of reality." A riddle is a brief description of a silent object or phenomenon according to similar or suggestive signs of another object or phenomenon. A riddle develops a poetic view of reality in a person, creates an unlimited field for fantasy. So, it can be seen that a riddle is a poetically complex image of a thing or event, made in order to test a person's ingenuity and at the same time instill a poetic view of reality.

This article aims to explore the potential of positive affirmations in enhancing psychological well-being. Positive affirmations are self-statements that promote positive thoughts and beliefs about oneself and the world. The study examines the effects of practicing positive affirmations on various aspects of psychological well-being, including self-esteem, optimism, resilience, and overall mental health. It reviews existing research studies and provides evidence to support the effectiveness of positive affirmations in fostering a positive mindset and improving psychological well-being. The findings highlight the importance of incorporating positive affirmations into daily routines as a simple yet powerful tool for nurturing the mind and enhancing overall psychological well-being.

Translation is considered to be almost on the same level as artistic creation in terms of its complexity and difficulty. The reason is that the work, which is the fruit of the author's talent and skill, needs to be recreated in accordance with the original using other language tools. Knowing the language is not enough for the translation of works of art. For this, it is required to be aware of creative talent and art science. According to the requirements of realistic translation, the translator must recreate the unity of form and content of the original as a work of art, and preserve national and individual characteristics. And these features indicate the scientific importance of the research paper. Each work of art is written by a representative of a nation, and there is definitely a nationality in it. Accordingly, in translation studies, there is a term called national color. It includes national characteristics reflected in the work of art. In literature, there is also a concept of local color. Local color refers to the reflection of local conditions, customs or local lifestyle, landscape and language features in fiction. Words and terms related to this national color are called realia’s, in other words, national specific words. Therefore, this paper thoroughly discusses the cultural issues in translation mentioned above. The practical significance of this research that it investigates the cultural problems involved in literary translation from Uzbek into English. It analyzes translations of “O’tkan kunlar” by Abdulla Qadiri and the translation of national coloring words in this book.

This article provides opinions and recommendations on the linguistic examination of the text of normative legal documents in the Uzbek language to assess their compliance with the spelling rules, to avoid spelling mistakes in the drafts of normative legal documents, and to prevent such shortcomings. opinions were also expressed about the importance of foreign experience.

This article discusses the formation of communicative competence in English language teaching. To facilitate the formation of communicative competence, teachers need to adopt a student-centric approach that focuses on providing learners with authentic language input, opportunities for practice and feedback, adaptation to learners’ needs, teaching functional language use, and promoting intercultural communication. Additionally, teachers should create a communicative classroom environment that encourages learners to communicate and express their ideas, opinions, and feelings in English. With these factors in place, learners can develop their communicative competence faster and more effectively, enabling them to communicate effectively in a variety of contexts and situations.

In this article, recommendations are given for situations related to the assignment of linguistic expertise to defamatory materials. As society develops, protection of its life, honor and dignity is becoming a priority issue. Of course, taking into account that practical research of the social importance of language, in particular, determining the discrediting of a person, evaluating such features in words, phrases and sentences is considered an urgent issue, some recommendations are given to provide a solution in this regard.

This article talks about the use of modern pedagogical technologies in teaching the subject of Alisher Navoi's ghazals from the science of Old Uzbek writing. The science of old Uzbek writing is currently taught as a specialty subject in the faculties of Uzbek philology of higher educational institutions of our country. In this article, we want to talk about the interactive methods that can be used to open the content of practical exercises on the subject of Alisher Navoi's ghazals from the science of old Uzbek writing.