This article covers the theoretical and pedagogical foundations, psychological characteristics and content of correctional and developmental work for the formation of independent life skills in mentally retarded children. The author analyzes the importance of self-service, organization of daily life activities, adaptation to the social environment and development of life competencies in children with mental retardation. The article explains the problems encountered in this category of children - poor attention, insufficient development of motor coordination, difficulties in organizing independent activities, shortcomings in communication and social adaptation, based on scientific sources. The effectiveness of game technologies, modeling, practical exercises, step-by-step training and motivation methods in the development of independent life skills is also substantiated. The study highlights the important role of family, teacher and specialist cooperation in the process of special pedagogy and remedial education. The author emphasizes that the development of independence in mentally retarded children is an important factor in their future successful integration into society, active participation in labor activities and finding their place in social life. This article is of scientific and practical importance for educators, researchers and parents working in the field of special pedagogy, defectology and inclusive education.