Angular cheilitis, or inflammation at the corners of the mouth, often becomes chronic and prone to recurrence, significantly impairing quality of life. Although its causes are numerous, microorganisms play a key role, primarily the fungus Candida albicans and the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. These pathogens often act in concert to form persistent microbial colonies. This review summarizes current knowledge on how these microorganisms initiate the disease and why symptoms persist even after treatment. Particular attention is paid to biofilms—structures that allow microbes to establish themselves, evade treatment, and sustain the inflammatory process. Based on this, the practical conclusion is that the treatment of angular cheilitis requires consideration of the microbial factor, appropriate diagnostics, and the use of comprehensive treatment methods, rather than simply addressing symptoms.

Angular cheilitis, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus

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