The article analyzes and examines the story “Ogir kun” (“Hard Day”) by the famous cultural figure of Uzbekistan, written by Asada Dilmuroda, “Mateo Falcone”, the story of P. Merimee, famous in world literature, and the story of N. V. Gogol “Taras Bulba” on the historical-comparative and comparative-typological aspects.

This study explores the complexities surrounding lexical choice difficulties, examining their psychological underpinnings and potential strategies for resolution. Lexical choice is fundamental to effective communication, yet individuals often encounter challenges in selecting the appropriate words in various contexts, which can hinder expressive clarity and coherence. Drawing upon psycholinguistic theories, the research investigates the cognitive processes involved in lexical retrieval, including factors such as semantic memory, context sensitivity, and individual differences in language proficiency. Through a mixed-methods approach, this inquiry incorporates qualitative interviews with language learners and quantitative assessments of lexical retrieval performance across diverse tasks. The findings reveal common sources of lexical difficulties, including the influence of anxiety, lack of vocabulary depth, and contextual ambiguity. Furthermore, the study proposes targeted interventions, such as enhanced vocabulary training, contextualized learning experiences, and mindfulness techniques, aimed at reducing lexical retrieval challenges. By illuminating the interplay between cognitive processes and lexical choice, this research contributes valuable insights into effective pedagogical strategies for language learners and offers a framework for addressing lexical difficulties in various communicative settings.

The article examines the methodological possibilities of the phonographic tools used in the comics, stories and feuilletons of the great writer Abdulla Qadiri. The expression of denotative and connotative meanings by means of phonological units, their semantic-stylistic features, the importance of expressiveness in the language of small works is highlighted.

The article examines the role of the principle of economy in the research of the systemic functioning of language, the history of the formation of a scientific theoretical description of this principle, theoretical ideas about the role of the principle of economy in the evolution of language, attempts to simplify the content in order to facilitate language activity and, accordingly, contradictory theories of the formation of the law of economy of speech. It is proved that the categorical ordering of reality does not arise as a result of some random or free choice, but under the influence of certain types of psychological principles.

In the upcoming article, there will be an in-depth exploration of the portrayal of Tamerlane in Beatrice Forbes Manz's book "The Rise and Rule of Tamerlane." The article will analyze how the author depicted the historical figure Amir Temur, who was a complex and mysterious character. Through detailed descriptions and subtle characterizations, the author breathes life into Tamerlane within the pages of her book, presenting a multi-dimensional image of Tamerlane.

This article presents an analysis of the types of lexical-semantic units involved in the composition of the metaphor. This type of metaphor is common to all peoples, and they are named in different terms.

This article presents a scholarly discussion on the role and significance of historical sources in the development of terms currently used in Uzbek language for public administration. The public administration terminology found in historical sources has been analyzed from both diachronic and synchronic perspectives, with a linguistic examination of their current activity or inactivity. The primary meanings of historical terms have been explained in detail.

This study investigates the multifaceted factors contributing to the poor performance of students in the English language, with the aim of identifying barriers that hinder their success. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative data from standardized test scores and qualitative insights from interviews with students, teachers, and educational administrators. Key factors identified include insufficient vocabulary knowledge, lack of motivation, inadequate instructional methods, and socio-economic challenges. Additionally, the study highlights the influence of emotional factors such as anxiety and low self-esteem, which significantly impact students' willingness to engage in English language learning. The findings suggest that a holistic approach to education, which incorporates targeted vocabulary enhancement, motivation-boosting strategies, and inclusive teaching practices, is essential for fostering English language proficiency. By breaking down these barriers, educators can create a more supportive and effective learning environment that promotes student success in English language acquisition. This research not only contributes to the existing literature on language education but also offers practical recommendations for educators and policymakers to enhance English language teaching and learning outcomes.

The article deals with the semantic description of the lexemes “white, black” and “aq, qara” representing color in the English and Karakalpak languages. Doing comparative research, it has been shown that these color units have a wide semantic meaning in both languages. The article gives a semantic classification of these lexemes used in two languages, and their meanings are revealed with examples taken from English and Karakalpak literary texts.

This article mainly deals with linguo-pragmatic analysis of metaphor in the original text and its translation. Harold Lemb’s “Babur- the tiger” is an autobiographic English noval and its Uzbek translation was done by Gofurjon Sotimov. After having read and analyzed them, I wanted to have this mini research on the analysis of the usage of metaphors and their appearance on Uzbek translation.

Shakespeare's sonnets actually follow a basic structure based on time.  In this article, we have considered the concept of time in Shakespeare's sonnets.

The article presents a classification of the common characteristics of dysphemistic phraseological units. Additionally, the rules, peculiarities, purposes, and functions of the use of such units in Uzbek journalistic texts are analyzed. The author’s perspective on the theoretical views presented in related research is also provided. The arguments are explained with examples.

The article deals with comparative study of linguistic units that express causative meaning in English and Karakalpak languages. It is noted that there are similarities and differences of causative structures that can be formed morphologically and syntactically. Moreover, some scholars’ views were stated and examples of causative verbs were taken from literary texts in order to reveal causative meaning used in the text. Due to the study, analytical form is used to express causative meaning in English while it is mostly formed morphologically in Karakalpak language.

In this article, we discussed the dialectics used in works of art, the nature of their application, and the dialectics used in the works of the writer M. Nyzanov. We have talked about the names of household items used in the writer's works, dialectal idioms, taboo words, and ethnonyms.