This article examines Afghanistan-Pakistan relations within the broader context of issues such as the Durand Line dispute, center-periphery dynamics, and religio-political mobilization. The study argues that the Taliban’s rule in Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001 had significant political consequences beyond the country’s borders, particularly in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), Waziristan, Bajaur, Mohmand, Kurram, Khyber, and parts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The Taliban’s Islamic Emirate model bolstered religious legitimacy, spurred the political mobilization of ulema and madrasa networks, and weakened the authority of traditional tribal elders in several Pashtun areas. The article employs historical, systemic, comparative, institutional, and content analysis methods to assess the interplay between Taliban ideology, Pakistan’s policy on Afghanistan, weak state institutions, Pashtun identity, and cross-border political networks. Furthermore, it is highlighted that the political influence of “Taliban 1.0” manifested as a long-term factor in the politics of Pakistan’s Pashtun-inhabited borderlands.
The Political Influence of The Taliban 1.0 Government in The Pashtun Regions of Pakistan
DOI:
Keywords:
Abstract
Downloads
References
W. Maley. The Afghanistan Wars. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2020. – 377 p.
J.-P. Hartung. The Pashtun Borderland: A Religious and Cultural History of the Taliban. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2024. – 592 p.
I. Ali. Mainstreaming Pakistan’s Federally Administered Tribal Areas: Reform Initiatives and Roadblocks. United States Institute of Peace, Special Report No.421, 2018. – P.1–20. // Electron resource: https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/2018-03/sr-421-mainstreaming-pakistan-federally-administered-tribal-areas.pdf
M.A. Shah. Political Reforms, Local Elites and Power: A Study of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan. PhD Dissertation, University of Bath, 2018.
D. Abenante. Pashtun Ethnicity and Political Mobilization in the Afghanistan-Pakistan Region. Asia Maior, 30, 2019. – P.217–241.
A. Siddique. The Pashtun Question: The Unresolved Key to the Future of Pakistan and Afghanistan. London: Hurst, 2014. – 271 p.
A. Jadoon, A. Sayed, A. Mines. The Evolution and Potential Resurgence of the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan. United States Institute of Peace, Special Report No.494, 2021. – P.1–28.
A. Rashid. Taliban: The Power of Militant Islam in Afghanistan and Beyond. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2022. – 352 p.
H. Abbas. The Taliban Revival: Violence and Extremism on the Pakistan-Afghanistan Frontier. New Haven; London: Yale University Press, 2014. – 280 p.
I. Ali. Mainstreaming Pakistan’s Federally Administered Tribal Areas: Reform Initiatives and Roadblocks. United States Institute of Peace, Special Report No.421, 2018. – P.1–20. // Electron resource: https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/2018-03/sr-421-mainstreaming-pakistan-federally-administered-tribal-areas.pdf
G. Usher. The Pakistan Taliban. Middle East Report Online, Middle East Research and Information Project, 2007.
Human Rights Watch. Crisis of Impunity: The Role of Pakistan, Russia, and Iran in Fueling the Civil War in Afghanistan. New York: Human Rights Watch, 2001.
Human Rights Watch. Crisis of Impunity: The Role of Pakistan, Russia, and Iran in Fueling the Civil War in Afghanistan. New York: Human Rights Watch, 19.
A. Parkes. Considered Chaos: Revisiting Pakistan’s “Strategic Depth” in Afghanistan. Strategic Analysis, 43(4), 2019. – P.297–309.
W. Avis. Drivers of Conflict in the Swat Valley, Pakistan. GSDRC Helpdesk Research Report, 2016. – P.1–25.
A. Jadoon, A. Sayed, A. Mines. The Evolution and Potential Resurgence of the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan. United States Institute of Peace, Special Report No.494, 2021. – P.1–28.
A.A. Haydarov. Muslim clergy vs. authority in contemporary Afghanistan: View from Uzbekistan. Vestnik RUDN. International Relations, 20(4), 2020. – P.747–762.
S. Bo‘ronov. Internal and external factors of Taliban origin. Journal of Social Research in Uzbekistan, 2(02), 2022. – P.15–23.
G. Yuldasheva, A. Jahangir. Afghanistan after the Taliban takeover: the role of Pakistan-Uzbekistan cooperation in ensuring regional stability. International Affairs, 2024. Electron resource: https://international-affairs.uz/storage/01JHG75RYMS36VANDF75HXRB0W.pdf