This article analyzes the psychological essence of the concept of social responsibility based on the legacy of Eastern thinkers and local (Uzbek) psychological and pedagogical research. It is scientifically substantiated that Eastern philosophical thought places a special emphasis on issues of human duty to society, moral responsibility, social behavior, and spiritual maturity. It also analyzes the approaches of contemporary Uzbek researchers to social responsibility from the perspective of psychological components (cognitive, motivational, emotional-volitional, and behavioral). The article serves as a theoretical and methodological basis for research at the PhD level.