Writing is considered one of the most complex and essential skills in learning a foreign language. It enables learners to organize their thoughts, express ideas clearly, and communicate effectively in academic and professional contexts. However, many students learning English as a foreign language experience difficulty in producing coherent and well-structured written texts. These challenges often arise due to limited vocabulary, insufficient grammatical knowledge, and lack of effective writing strategies. Therefore, modern language pedagogy emphasizes the use of specific teaching models designed to support the development of writing competence. This article examines several widely used pedagogical approaches to teaching writing, including the Product Approach, Process Approach, Genre-Based Approach, and Process-Genre Approach. The study analyzes their theoretical foundations, instructional procedures, and their effectiveness in developing students’ written communication skills.

Writing skills, English language learning, writing pedagogy

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