The article conducts a comparative analysis of the phonetic and phonological adaptation of English loanwords in Korean and Karakalpak. The study seeks to identify the main mechanisms of phonological integration—such as phonemic substitution, epenthesis, elision, stress redistribution, and phonotactic adaptation—and to explain how these mechanisms operate within the phonological systems of the recipient languages. Through comparative typological analysis, the article also highlights the similarities and differences in the adaptation strategies of Korean and Karakalpak and contributes to a broader understanding of phonological processes in situations of language contact.

Phonological adaptation, loanwords, English borrowings

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