This article examines the linguocultural features of phraseological units in the Uzbek and Russian languages, focusing on how cultural values, national worldview, and historical experience shape idiomatic expressions. By applying comparative linguocultural analysis, the study identifies similarities and differences in imagery, metaphorical structures, and cultural symbolism. The research demonstrates that phraseological units in both languages serve not only as linguistic tools but also as carriers of collective memory, moral norms, and socio-cultural traditions. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how linguistic and cultural elements interact within the phraseological systems of Uzbek and Russian, enriching intercultural communication and translation studies.