The article explores the functional and semantic classification of specialized vocabulary in English- and German-language scientific and technical texts. Special attention is given to industry-specific terminology and its relationship with other classes of specialized lexical units, including nomenclature names, pragmonyms, professionalisms, and terminoids. The study analyses their defining features, degree of standardization, semantic precision, and communicative functions. The findings show that the distribution of these lexical categories is largely similar across English and German scientific and technical genres. Terminology constitutes the dominant class, while popular science texts exhibit a higher proportion of nomenclature units and pragmonyms. The observable similarities across languages indicate ongoing internationalization of scientific communication, which contributes to more effective intercultural professional exchange. The results may be used in linguistic research, terminology studies, as well as in developing scientific and educational materials in English and German.

Specialized vocabulary, terminology, nomenclature

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