This article analyzes the semantic-transformative properties of phytonyms in Uzbek folk proverbs, focusing on the processes of semantic shift arising through metaphor, simile, metonymy, and synecdoche. Phytonyms in paremiological units not only express the biological characteristics of plants but also acquire symbolic meaning, representing human character, social status, aesthetic views, and the artistic expression of national worldview. Through proverbs involving phytonyms, the study reveals the metaphorical interpretation of female and male figures, models of analogy formed in folk thinking, and synecdochic structures based on the “whole–part” relationship. Additionally, certain paremiological examples demonstrate contextual meaning enhancement through metonymic abbreviation. The article scientifically analyzes the functional-semantic potential of phytonyms as a means of representing the cultural memory of the Uzbek people and highlights their linguistic and cultural significance.

Phytonyms, Uzbek folk proverbs, semantic shift, metaphor

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