Fairy tales represent one of the most enduring forms of human expression, serving as both entertainment and moral instruction for centuries. Originating in oral traditions, they have evolved across different cultures and time periods, reflecting the social, moral, and spiritual concerns of their communities. This study aims to explore the universal themes and cultural significance of world fairy tales through a comparative analysis of selected narratives from European, Asian, and Middle Eastern folklore. The findings reveal that despite regional and linguistic differences, fairy tales share a common structure and convey similar moral and psychological messages. They emphasize the triumph of good over evil, the power of moral virtue, and the necessity of perseverance and courage. By examining the functions and transformations of these tales, the paper underscores their role as cultural mirrors and educational tools that continue to shape human imagination and ethical awareness in the modern world.

Fairy tales, folklore, cultural heritage, universal archetypes

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