This study examines the linguistic representation of human emotional and psychological states in the Uzbek language, drawing on explanatory dictionaries as empirical material. Emotional and psychological states, arising from the complexity of the human psyche, are expressed through multiple linguistic mechanisms, including nouns, adjectives, verbs, idiomatic expressions, and stylistic devices such as metaphor and metonymy. Linguistic tools conveying these states are categorized into direct and indirect expressive means, with further subdivisions reflecting their semantic and contextual nuances. The study emphasizes the intricate interplay between lexical, grammatical, and stylistic layers in conveying human emotions and highlights the challenges of formal classification within linguistic and psychological frameworks.

Uzbek language, emotional states, psychological states

Aliyev, M. (2017). Contextual aspects of emotional expression in Uzbek. Tashkent: Science Press.

Apresyan, Y. (1995). Semantics, pragmatics, and lexical meaning. Moscow: Nauka.

Arutyunova, N. D. (1999). Linguistic expression of emotions. Moscow: Progress.

Ibragimov, R. (2019). Psycholinguistics and emotional semantics. Tashkent: Fan.

Ibragimov, R., & Nurmatov, O. (2017). Emotional-semantic units in Uzbek lexicon. Uzbek Journal of Linguistics, 2(4), 98–105.

Islomov, A. (2018). Contextual mechanisms in emotional language. Tashkent: University Press.

Karimov, S. (2015). Lexical tools for expressing emotions. Tashkent: Sharq.

Lotman, Y. (1998). Analysis of literary devices in semiotics. Moscow: Academy Press.

Shmelev, A. (2003). Linguistic representation of psychological states. Moscow: Language and Thought.

Vygotsky, L. (1934). Thought and language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Wierzbicka, A. (1992). Semantics, culture, and cognition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Yo‘ldoshev, D. (2020). Language and emotional semantics. Tashkent: Fan.

Karasik, V. (2002). Contextual semantics of psychological verbs. Moscow: Nauka.

Saidov, T. (2016). Morphology of Uzbek emotional nouns. Tashkent: University Press.