This study explores the phenomenon of word families in the Uzbek language, focusing on their structural and lexical-semantic characteristics, formation mechanisms, and interrelations with other lexical phenomena such as synonymy, antonymy, and polysemy. The research combines theoretical analysis with classroom-based observation to assess the pedagogical potential of teaching word families in native language classes. Findings reveal that word families not only enrich the Uzbek lexicon but also serve as an effective educational tool for enhancing vocabulary retention, comprehension, and creative language use. Practical recommendations are provided for integrating word family instruction into the curriculum at primary and secondary levels to promote linguistic competence and cultural awareness.