The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of toponyms in Russian, Uzbek and Azerbaijani languages. The study examines the basic principles of plant nomination, including metaphorical and metonymic hyphenation, as well as the structural and semantic features of floronyms in the languages studied. Special attention is paid to the motivational aspects of plant names, their connection with the ethnocultural features and national specifics of each language. The aim of the study is to identify both universal and characteristic features of floronymic vocabulary in different languages, demonstrating the relationship between the linguistic world picture and the preservation of plant nominations.