This article provides an in-depth analysis of the essence, content, and theoretical foundations of the enterprise management system. It substantiates that effective enterprise management in the conditions of a market economy is an essential factor in increasing competitiveness, ensuring efficient use of resources, and improving production efficiency. The article examines the main principles of the management system, its structural composition, organizational and managerial mechanisms, and their impact on the enterprise’s operations. Based on management theory, it highlights ways to modernize the management system, modern approaches, and the significance of innovative management methods. The research results include scientific and practical recommendations for improving the enterprise management system.