Supply chain optimization has become an important managerial and analytical concern because organizational performance increasingly depends on the coordinated management of information, inventory, accounting systems, production activities, and interorganizational processes. This research examines supply chain optimization through an analytical framework connecting information technology, accounting information systems, inventory-oriented supply chain management, and Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR)-based analysis with three principal outcomes: cost reduction, supply chain agility, and business competitiveness. The study adopts a qualitative, conceptual research methodology based exclusively on the supplied literature. The analysis identifies information availability, inventory coordination, accounting-system integration, operational visibility, and process standardization as interconnected mechanisms through which supply chain optimization can improve organizational performance. The findings indicate that cost reduction cannot be treated independently from information quality and inventory decisions. Similarly, agility depends not merely on faster operations but on the ability of an organization to obtain, process, and communicate relevant information efficiently. The study further develops an integrated analytical model in which information technology provides the enabling infrastructure, accounting and information systems provide decision-support capabilities, inventory management supports operational balance, and SCOR-oriented analysis provides a process-level assessment mechanism. The paper contributes a structured perspective for evaluating supply chain optimization as an integrated organizational system rather than as an isolated inventory or logistics activity.