The translation of Karakalpak historical realias into English presents a complex linguistic and cultural challenge. Historical realias—terms, names, and expressions reflecting unique aspects of Karakalpak history and culture—often lack direct equivalents in English. This article explores strategies used in rendering such elements, focusing on techniques like transliteration, descriptive translation, and cultural adaptation. Examples from translated works and historical texts illustrate how translators balance accuracy and accessibility. The study highlights the significance of preserving cultural specificity while ensuring that translated texts remain understandable to a global audience.

Realities, historical realities, transformation

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