This study explores the evolving beliefs surrounding crime and punishment in American society, examining how cultural, social, and political factors have shaped public perceptions over time. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research analyzes historical data, public opinion surveys, and qualitative interviews with experts in criminal justice, sociology, and psychology. The findings indicate a significant shift from traditional retributive approaches to more rehabilitative and restorative justice models, particularly in response to increasing awareness of systemic inequalities, mass incarceration, and the effectiveness of punitive measures. Participants noted that changing societal attitudes, influenced by grassroots movements and heightened media coverage of crime and justice issues, have played a crucial role in redefining concepts of accountability and justice. The study concludes that understanding these shifts is essential for developing effective criminal justice policies that address contemporary challenges and promote a more equitable system.

Crime, Punishment, American society

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