This article analyzes the formation, essence, and role of energy diplomacy in contemporary international relations. Safeguarding national interests and ensuring energy security in the energy sector have become priorities in state foreign policy today. The article elucidates the concept of diplomacy, its technological and institutional aspects, and examines energy diplomacy as an integral component of these processes. It is also emphasized that the global oil crises of the 1970s provided a strong impetus for the development of energy diplomacy, transforming energy resources into a foreign policy instrument. The study analyzes the scholarly perspectives of E.Ortaeva, S.Zhiznin, and M.Bogucharsky, substantiating their interpretation of energy diplomacy as a means of conducting foreign policy. Additionally, the article highlights the diplomatic aspects of competition between states and transnational corporations, control over hydrocarbon resources, and the transition to alternative energy sources. Consequently, energy diplomacy is interpreted as a complex system situated at the intersection of foreign policy, economic interests, and global security. The author evaluates energy diplomacy as one of the independent and strategic directions of economic diplomacy.

Energy diplomacy, foreign policy, energy security, national interests

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