Particularly great progress in the study, description and mapping of the Caspian and Aral Seas dates back to the XVIII century, when geographical research in Russia acquired a state, organized character. In 1739, Abulkhair asked for the construction of a city in the lower reaches of the Syrdarya. Since the issue of this was considered in Orenburg back in 1736, Abulkhair’s request was met with sympathy in the fall of 1740. During this period, many depth measurements were made and the largest 68-meter depression in the Aral Sea was established, soil samples were taken, salinity, color and transparency of water were determined.

Description, mapping, Caspian Sea

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