This article provides a comprehensive exploration of the historical, philosophical, social, and cultural roots of gender inequality and its manifestations in different epochs. By applying a comparative approach to Eastern and Western philosophical traditions, the study highlights the evolution of views on women’s roles and rights from antiquity to modernity. Particular attention is given to the mechanisms of overcoming gender disparities through contemporary reforms, with a special emphasis on Uzbekistan’s recent experience. The findings demonstrate that ensuring gender equality is not merely a matter of social justice, but also a prerequisite for sustainable development, social stability, and national progress. Furthermore, the study underscores the interdependence between theoretical understanding and practical reforms, showing that effective social transformation requires both conceptual foundations and political will.  

Gender inequality, social reforms, historical-philosophical perspectives

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