This study addresses the growing challenge of visualizing high-dimensional telemetry data in complex cyber-physical systems, such as spacecraft monitoring and industrial flow diagnostics. As data volume and velocity increase, traditional two-dimensional visualization methods often fail to provide adequate spatial context, leading to increased cognitive load and delayed anomaly detection. We propose a novel Augmented Reality (AR) visualization framework that utilizes open-source tracking libraries to overlay real-time analytics onto physical environments. Drawing upon simulated spacecraft telemetry and gravitational flow datasets, we conducted a comparative analysis between standard 2D dashboards and our proposed AR interface. The methodology involved a controlled experiment assessing user response times, accuracy in anomaly identification, and subjective cognitive workload. Results indicate a statistically significant reduction in response time and improved spatial understanding when using the AR modality, particularly for multidimensional data clusters. Furthermore, the integration of tangible user interfaces was found to enhance user engagement and reduce the abstraction barrier inherent in raw data mining. The paper concludes that while technical challenges regarding tracking latency persist, AR represents a viable and superior paradigm for the next generation of telemetry analysis, offering a more intuitive bridge between quantitative data and physical reality.

Augmented Reality, Telemetry Mining, Data Visualization, Cyber-Physical Systems

Ibrahim, S.K.; Ahmed, A.; Zeidan, M.A.E.; Ziedan, I.E. Machine Learning Methods for Spacecraft Telemetry Mining. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 2019, 55, 1816–1827.

Aparicio, M.; Costa, C.J. Data Visualization. Commun. Des. Q. Rev 2015, 3, 7–11.

Card, S. Information visualization. In Human-Computer Interaction; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, USA, 2009; pp. 199–234.

Jelliti, I.; Romanowski, A.; Grudzien, K. Design of crowdsourcing system for analysis of gravitational flow using X-ray visualization. In Proceedings of the 2016 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (FedCSIS), Gdansk, Poland, 14 September 2016; pp. 1613–1619.

Romanowski, A.; Chaniecki, Z.; Koralczyk, A.; Wo´zniak, M.; Nowak, A.; Kucharski, P.; Jaworski, T.; Malaya, M.; Rózga, P.; Grudzie ´n, K. Interactive Timeline Approach for Contextual Spatio-Temporal ECT Data Investigation. Sensors 2020, 20.

Brown, J.P. Visualisation tactics for solving real world tasks. In Mathematical Modelling in Education Research and Practice: Cultural, Social and Cognitive Influences; Springer: Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany, 2015; pp. 431–442.

Talaver, O.V.; Vakaliuk, T.A. Dynamic system analysis using telemetry. In Proceedings of the CS&SE@ SW, Kyiv, Ukraine, 30 November 2023; pp. 193–209.

Chaniecki, Z.; Grudzie´n, K.; Jaworski, T.; Rybak, G.; Romanowski, A.; Sankowski, D. Diagnostic System Of Gravitational Solid Flow Based On Weight And Accelerometer Signal Analysis Using Wireless Data Transmission Technology. Image Process. Commun. 2012, 17, 319–326.

Sakagami, R.; Takeishi, N.; Yairi, T.; Hori, K. Visualization Methods for Spacecraft Telemetry Data Using Change-Point Detection and Clustering. Trans. Jpn. Soc. Aeronaut. Space Sci. Aerosp. Technol. Jpn. 2019, 17, 244–252.

Galletta, A.; Allam, S.; Carnevale, L.; Bekri, M.A.; Ouahbi, R.E.; Villari, M. An Innovative Methodology for Big Data Visualization in Oceanographic Domain. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Geoinformatics and Data Analysis, Prague Czech Republic, 20 April 2018; pp. 103–107.

Sulikowski, P. Evaluation of Varying Visual Intensity and Position of a Recommendation in a Recommending Interface Towards Reducing Habituation and Improving Sales; Chao, K.M., Jiang, L., Hussain, O.K., Ma, S.P.; Fei, X., Eds.; Springer: Cham, Switzerland, 2020; pp. 208–218.

The magazine founded in 1933 in the USA - Esquire [Electronic Resource] URL: https://ww.esquire.com/

Apple Open Source Tracking Library - ARToolKit [Electronic Resource] URL: https://ww.artoolkitx.org/

Dip Bharatbhai Patel 2025. Incorporating Augmented Reality into Data Visualization for Real-Time Analytics. Utilitas Mathematica . 122, 1 (May 2025), 3216–3230.

ARToolKit version for Flash Actionscript for development of web applications with augmented reality - Flartoolkit [electronic resource] URL: https://artoolworkcom/products/opensourcesource-softool2.html

Online platform for creating projects with augmented reality «Blippar» [electronic resource] URL: https://www.blippar.com/

Augmented reality: what are, the examples of the application [electronic resource] of the URL: https://virtre.ru/articles/augmented-reality/dopolnennaya-nosnost-chto-realeto---primery-primeneniya.html

K.V. Ryabinin, M.A. Kolesnik, A.I. Akhtamzyan, E.V. Sudarikova. Cyber-Physical Museum Exhibits Based on Additive Technologies, Tangible Interfaces and Scientific Visualization (2019). Scientific Visualization 11.4: 27 - 42, DOI: 10.26583/sv.11.4.03