The complexities of modern supply chains, characterized by global reach, intricate networks, and a constant demand for agility and resilience, necessitate advanced tools for optimization. Traditional two-dimensional planning methods often fall short in capturing the spatial and dynamic nuances inherent in logistics, warehousing, and production processes. Three-dimensional (3D) modeling, increasingly integrated with technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and digital twins, is emerging as a transformative technology in supply chain optimization. This article explores the innovative applications and profound impact of 3D modeling across various facets of supply chain management, from facility design and layout to inventory management, transportation planning, and real-time operational visualization. By providing immersive, data-rich environments, 3D models enable stakeholders to identify bottlenecks, simulate scenarios, and optimize resource allocation with unprecedented precision. We delve into specific innovations such as the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) for logistics infrastructure and the application of 3D visualization in predictive maintenance and workforce training. The review also discusses the challenges associated with the adoption of these technologies, including data integration, interoperability, and the need for specialized skill sets. Ultimately, this comprehensive analysis demonstrates how 3D modeling, by offering a holistic and intuitive understanding of complex systems, is poised to redefine efficiency, reduce costs, and enhance the responsiveness and sustainability of contemporary supply chains.

3D Modeling, Supply Chain Efficiency, Digital Twin

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