This study presents a comprehensive methodological approach for analyzing the Montagnola Senese dry stone walls as linear infrastructures that offer insights into historical land management practices. Dry stone walls are not merely physical structures but hold intrinsic cultural and ecological significance, reflecting past human interactions with the landscape. Employing a multidisciplinary framework, this research combines historical research, archaeological surveys, remote sensing, and geographic information systems (GIS) analysis to unravel the complexities of these walls as historical artifacts. By examining their spatial distribution, construction techniques, and contextual relationships, we unearth valuable information about the land use patterns, agricultural practices, and socio-economic dynamics of the Montagnola Senese region in times gone by. The findings not only enrich our understanding of the area's heritage but also offer lessons for sustainable land management strategies today.

The article talks about the types of namatak, their properties, use, chemical composition, collection and drying of namatak, as well as preparations obtained from the namatak plant.

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a vital staple crop in Ethiopia, playing a crucial role in food security and livelihoods. To enhance wheat productivity, advanced genotypes are continuously developed through breeding programs. In this study, we conducted field trials across multiple locations and seasons in Ethiopia to assess the grain yield performance of advanced bread wheat genotypes using the Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis. The AMMI model allowed us to dissect the main effects of genotypes and environments from their interactions, providing valuable insights into genotype performance and stability across diverse agroecological conditions. Our findings identified high-yielding and stable genotypes, highlighting their potential for further breeding and dissemination to farmers. Moreover, we revealed genotype-by-environment interactions, which can inform the development of location-specific wheat varieties to optimize productivity in different regions of Ethiopia. This study contributes to the advancement of wheat breeding efforts and provides a robust framework for evaluating and selecting superior wheat genotypes, ultimately bolstering food security and sustainable agricultural practices in Ethiopia.