Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common gynecological problem affecting women at different stages of life: from adolescence to menopause. This article discusses statistical data and the main causes leading to AUB in different age groups. Attention is drawn to the characteristic features of menstrual disorders in adolescents, women of reproductive age and during menopause, and modern treatment, including both conservative and surgical methods, is presented. Research shows that adequate diagnostics and an individualized approach to treatment can significantly improve the quality of life of patients and prevent serious complications. The article emphasizes the importance of early medical care and regular gynecological examinations to ensure women's health at all stages of their lives.

The article is devoted to the achievements of aesthetic gynecology in the modern world, including innovative technologies and methods that allow for improvement in the appearance and functionality of female genitalia. The main directions in aesthetic gynecology, such as laser therapy, radiofrequency procedures, and injection technologies, as well as genital correction with the help of labioplasty and vaginoplasty, are considered. Particular attention is paid to the psycho-emotional health of patients and the growing awareness of available methods. The article emphasizes the importance of an individualized approach in the treatment and maintenance of women's health.

801 patients diagnosed with anomalies and deformations of the dental system in children under 18 years of age, their mother's illnesses during pregnancy, their age, the degree of kinship between their parents, the effect of drugs taken by the mother during this period of pathology were studied and analyzed.

This study investigates the laboratory parameters in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) in relation to the presence of concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). CCI is characterized by a progressive reduction in cerebral blood flow, while COPD can exacerbate hypoxia, potentially worsening brain ischemia. The research evaluates blood biomarkers, including inflammatory markers and oxygenation indices, to determine the impact of COPD on CCI patients. Results suggest that patients with both CCI and COPD present with more severe inflammatory responses and lower oxygenation levels, which may influence the progression of cerebral ischemia and overall prognosis.

In recent decades, inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses have firmly taken first place in the overall structure of morbidity of ENT organs, both in the analysis of visits to the clinic and in the group of patients undergoing treatment in inpatient settings. Cysts of the paranasal sinuses are one of the most common diseases in clinical practice.

Juvenile pleomorphic adenoma (JPA) of the cheek is a rare and intriguing condition, characterized by the presence of a benign, mixed tumor in the salivary glands of children and adolescents. This case report presents a unique instance of JPA located in the cheek, highlighting its clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies. The patient, a [age] year-old [gender], presented with a gradually enlarging, painless mass in the cheek area, which prompted further investigation. Imaging studies and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of JPA.

In addition to the case report, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to analyze the current understanding of juvenile pleomorphic adenomas. This review encompasses the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and treatment modalities associated with JPA. Key findings from the literature emphasize the rarity of JPA, its typically benign nature, and the importance of distinguishing it from other salivary gland tumors and lesions.

The case report and literature review underscore the significance of early diagnosis and appropriate surgical management in ensuring favorable outcomes. The review also identifies gaps in current knowledge and suggests areas for future research to better understand the pathogenesis and optimal treatment strategies for juvenile pleomorphic adenoma. This report aims to contribute to the existing body of knowledge and provide valuable insights for clinicians encountering similar cases in their practice.

This article discusses the impact of nutrition on the health of pregnant women and fetal development. It examines the role of proper nutrition in preventing pregnancy complications such as anemia and gestational diabetes, as well as in creating healthy conditions for the newborn's growth. Particular attention is paid to the importance of consuming essential micro- and macronutrients such as folate, iron, and omega-3 fatty acids. The impact of a varied diet on reducing the risk of preterm birth and improving the health of both mother and child is substantiated. The article emphasizes the need for a balanced diet during pregnancy to ensure optimal fetal development and improve the quality of life of expectant mothers.

The article is devoted to the problems associated with connective tissue dysplasia (CTD), predominantly undifferentiated forms of the disease (nDST). The topic's relevance is due to the high prevalence of this pathological condition. The generalized nature of connective tissue damage with the involvement of the reproductive system in the pathological process significantly affects the course of pregnancy and Birth. Complications that may be associated with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period in women with nDST and which cause a high need for surgical aids: amnio-, episio- and perineotomy, and cesarean section are presented. Particular attention is paid to magnesium, which plays one of the determining roles in the complex biosynthesis of the extracellular matrix in the formation of connective tissue and the morphofunctional state of fibroblasts. The methods used to detect connective tissue metabolism disorders (determination of the level of oxyproline and fibronectin in blood serum, pyrinx D and glucosaminoglycans in urine, etc.) are described. Given the lack of reliable diagnostic (biochemical and genetic) criteria for nDST, special attention is paid to the need for an integrated approach to assessing the condition of patients using anamnesis data, the results of clinical, instrumental, and laboratory examinations.

Sexual dysfunction is a common problem affecting people around the world, and its manifestations can vary in type and severity. According to various studies, about 30-50% of men and up to 40% of women experience sexual dysfunction at different stages of their lives. In men, erectile dysfunction is the most common, especially among the elderly, while women often experience problems with libido, achieving orgasm, and other sexual dysfunctions. The impact of pregnancy on sexual function is an important topic, where studies show that 30-70% of women experience dysfunction during this period. Psycho-emotional factors such as stress and anxiety also play a significant role in causing sexual problems. Addressing these issues effectively requires open discussion and seeking help.

The thesis focuses on modern approaches to birth control, concentrating on methods of pain management and minimizing complications. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods of pain management are reviewed, as well as psychological techniques to reduce anxiety and fear in women during labor. The importance of birth preparation and antenatal education is mentioned, as well as the role of modern fetal monitoring and an interdisciplinary approach in ensuring safety and comfort. The article highlights the importance of individualized care for each woman and the need for comprehensive management of the pregnant woman to optimize the birth experience.

The article is dedicated to the urgent problem of infertility associated with thin endometrium. The mechanisms of action of various physiotherapeutic methods on the endometrium, such as magnetotherapy, laser therapy, ultrasound therapy, and electrical stimulation, are discussed. The beneficial effects of physiotherapy are described in detail, including improved blood flow, reduced inflammation, and stimulation of tissue regeneration. The results of clinical trials confirming the effectiveness of physiotherapy in increasing the thickness and improving the structure of the endometrium are presented. The article also includes indications and contraindications for the use of physiotherapy and emphasizes the importance of an individualized approach to treatment.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a condition that develops during pregnancy and poses significant health risks to both mother and baby if not detected and managed early. This article explores the importance of hygienic practices in the early detection and prevention of GDM. It highlights key factors, including regular prenatal check-ups, the role of nutritional and personal hygiene, and the need for consistent blood glucose monitoring. Additionally, it emphasizes lifestyle modifications for at-risk women, such as maintaining a balanced diet and proper sleep hygiene. The article concludes with recommendations for overcoming common challenges in managing GDM through education and community awareness programs, underlining the critical role of proactive healthcare in ensuring healthy pregnancies.

The sonographic analysis of uterine dimensions in postmenopausal women provides valuable insights into the structural changes that occur after menopause. This study aims to evaluate uterine size in postmenopausal Sudanese women using sonographic imaging techniques. A total of [number] postmenopausal women from [location or institution] participated in the study. Each participant underwent a transabdominal or transvaginal ultrasound to measure uterine length, width, and thickness.

The results indicated that the average uterine dimensions in this cohort were [specific measurements, e.g., length: X cm, width: Y cm, thickness: Z cm]. These measurements were compared to established norms and patterns observed in other populations. The study found that uterine size in Sudanese postmenopausal women exhibited [any significant findings, e.g., a trend towards smaller dimensions, variations by age group, etc.].

These findings contribute to a better understanding of uterine changes in postmenopausal women and highlight potential variations in uterine dimensions based on geographical and ethnic factors. The results suggest that further research may be necessary to explore the implications of these dimensional changes on women's health and to establish more comprehensive reference ranges for different populations. This study provides a foundational dataset for future comparative studies and clinical assessments related to postmenopausal uterine health.

Upper jaw sinus cysts are a very common disease, often an accidental clinical find upon radiography and computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses. At the same time, there are few reports in the literature about the location of cysts in the frontal and ponal cavities. It is especially difficult to diagnose the cysts of the wedge-shaped cavity, as known radiographic arrangements do not allow them to be diagnosed. The problem of diagnosing paranasal sinus cysts was solved by implementing computed tomography into practice.

The article discusses the main properties of vitamin D and its effect on the human body. Modern specialized literature and relevant scientific information were systematically studied. The best natural sources of vitamin D are shown. The possible negative effects of vitamin D on the human body under certain medical conditions and diseases are analyzed separately.