Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as one of the most transformative technologies in healthcare and education. In recent years, AI-based tools have increasingly been integrated into medical education to enhance learning outcomes, support clinical decision-making, and improve the development of professional competencies among medical students. The use of intelligent tutoring systems, virtual simulations, adaptive learning platforms, and generative AI applications provides personalized learning experiences and facilitates the acquisition of theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Furthermore, AI contributes to the assessment of student performance, the identification of learning gaps, and the optimization of educational processes. Despite its numerous advantages, the implementation of AI in medical education raises important challenges related to ethics, data privacy, academic integrity, and the need for digital literacy among educators and students. This article examines the current role of artificial intelligence technologies in medical education, highlights their benefits and limitations, and discusses future prospects for their integration into competency-based medical education. The findings suggest that AI has significant potential to improve the quality, accessibility, and effectiveness of medical education while preparing future healthcare professionals for an increasingly digital healthcare environment.