This study investigates the formation of anthroponyms through the conversion method in Uzbek and English. The research focuses on the structural, semantic, and cultural mechanisms underlying the transformation of common nouns into proper names without morphological alteration. A comparative analysis demonstrates that while conversion functions in both languages as a primary means of proprialization, its productivity, semantic transparency, and cultural embeddedness differ significantly. The findings indicate that in Uzbek, the conversion method remains a highly active and semantically transparent nominative mechanism, frequently utilized in contemporary naming practices. Conversely, in English, it is largely lexicalized within historical naming strata, particularly concerning occupational surnames and historical virtue names. Through a detailed examination of theoretical foundations and specific naming categories, this article reveals how linguistic typology and cultural cognition intersect in the domain of onomastics.