This article examines how different languages encode and express value concepts such as good vs. bad, moral worth, social norms, politeness, obligation, honor, and fairness, and the extent to which these concepts are compatible or divergent across linguistic and cultural systems. It explores semantic, pragmatic, and cultural factors that influence how values are lexicalized, grammaticalized, or implied in discourse. Cross-linguistic comparison highlights both universal tendencies (e.g., evaluative adjectives, modal expressions of obligation) and language-specific patterns shaped by cultural worldviews. By analyzing similarities and differences across languages, this topic contributes to understanding how language reflects cultural values and how communicative compatibility can be achieved in multilingual contexts.

Cross-linguistic comparison, value concepts, linguistic relativity

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