The article examines the phenomenon of linguistic variation as a fundamental property of a living literary language and an object of various linguistic studies. The concept of linguistic variability is analyzed, and a distinction is made between variology (the study of the universal ability of language to vary) and variantology (the theory of lexical modifications of a word). Three types of variation are distinguished: formal, semantic and functional. The article pays special attention to the problem of distinguishing between variance and related linguistic phenomena – synonymy, linguistic differentiation, suppletion. It is argued that formal changes accompanied by stylistic or functional differences should be classified as linguistic differentiation. The main features of formal lexical variants are established: high reproducibility, identical structure, and the same meaning. It is noted that formal variability can be transformed into differentiation or synonymy.
Problems Of Distinguishing Lingual Variance And Differentiation In Modern Linguistics
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References
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