This article presents a lexical-semantic analysis of the epic “Balogardon,” recorded from one of the major representatives of Uzbek oral literature, Fozil Yo‘ldosh o‘g‘li. It elucidates the semantic layers of the words and expressions used in the work and their role in conveying the people’s worldview and values. The epic’s lexicon features ancient Turkic words, dialectal units, artistic (stylistic) devices, and an active presence of synonymic and antonymic layers. The diversity of terminological vocabulary also helps enhance the epic’s lexical value. In the epic, semantics serves to highlight the central idea—defending the people, heroism and devotion; to uncover the essence of symbolic images; to reflect the people’s historical and cultural values; to shape the reader’s moral-aesthetic education; and to aid in understanding the historical and cultural context. Furthermore, semantic analysis reveals the richness of the system of images and its organic connection with the people’s mentality. The results of the study contribute to a deeper exploration of the epic’s language and to understanding the spiritual world of the people through linguistic means.

The epic “Balogardon,”, oral folk literature, system of images

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