Vitamin and mineral supplements are widely used by university students, particularly during periods of intensive study, examination stress and irregular nutrition. Although vitamins are essential for normal physiological functions, inappropriate supplementation, unnecessary high-dose intake and self-medication may result in avoidable risks. This article reviews the use of vitamin supplements among university students, with particular attention to their knowledge, reasons for use, sources of information, patterns of consumption and principles of rational supplementation. Students may use vitamins to support immunity, reduce perceived fatigue, compensate for an unbalanced diet or improve general wellbeing. However, the decision to use supplements should be based on nutritional needs and, when appropriate, professional advice rather than advertising or informal recommendations. The pharmacist has an important role in promoting responsible use by identifying potential risks, explaining appropriate dosage and duration, checking possible interactions and directing students to healthcare professionals when assessment is necessary. Improving students’ health literacy and pharmaceutical counseling may reduce inappropriate self-medication and encourage evidence-based use of vitamin preparations.