The discovery of immunobiotics has opened a new era in microbiology and immunology, combining microbial biotechnology with immune system regulation. Immunobiotics—specific strains of probiotic microorganisms—can stimulate or modulate host immunity by interacting with mucosal cells, cytokines, and immune receptors. They have demonstrated potential in strengthening host defense, improving vaccine responses, and reducing inflammatory and allergic diseases. This article discusses the mechanisms of immunobiotic action, recent advances in immunobiotic research, and their application prospects in preventive and therapeutic medicine.

Immunobiotics, probiotics, microbiome, immune modulation

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