The article examines that parasitology and helminthology are rapidly evolving fields that play a critical role in understanding host-parasite interactions, disease pathogenesis, and the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This article reviews recent advances in the study of parasitic and helminthic organisms, with a focus on molecular diagnostics, host immune responses, epidemiological trends, and emerging patterns of drug resistance. Particular attention is given to zoonotic helminths and the implications of climate change and globalization on their distribution and transmission dynamics. Furthermore, the integration of omics technologies, such as genomics and proteomics, has significantly enhanced our ability to study parasitic systems at a mechanistic level. This synthesis of current knowledge provides insights into unresolved challenges and highlights potential directions for future research and public health interventions.

Parasitology and helminthology, host-parasite interactions, disease pathogenesis

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