Allergic diseases(AD) are one of the most urgent problems of modern medicine. The prevalence of bronchial asthma in children and adults in the Bukhara region was studied. The primary incidence of bronchial asthma in the age structure of the population was studied according to the coupons of an outpatient patient (form No. 025-12u) for 2015–2019 in 10 age groups (1–5 years, 5–9 years, 10–14, 19, 20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60 and older) in the city of Bukhara and twelve districts of the Bukhara region.The study of the distribution of indicators of the incidence of bronchial asthma in the Bukhara region revealed that the areas of risk for this pathology are areas with industrial zones: Karakul, Karulbazar and the city of Kagan. The risk groups for the incidence of bronchial asthma are children under 9 years of age and adults aged 60 years and older. The prevalence of bronchial asthma ranges from 5.5 per 1,000 population in relatively clean areas of residence to 33.5 per 1,000 population in industrialized areas.        

Thus, the study showed that the highest incidence of general morbidity with bronchial asthma in children and adults is observed in the city of Kagan with the operation of an oil extraction plant, in the Karaulbazar district with an oil refinery and in the Karakul district with a Kandim gas processing plant. An increased risk of primary incidence of bronchial asthma exists for children aged 3 to 9 years and for adults 60 years of age and older.