This article covers the types of chemical soil pollution and the causes of their occurrence, the negative impact of industrial waste on soil composition, sources of pollution, and consequences. In particular, the influence of heavy metals, pesticides, petroleum products, and other toxic substances on the soil composition was analyzed. Also considered are the levels of pollution, environmental standards, and criteria for assessing the state of soils. Information is provided on the negative impact of these pollutants on agriculture, the environment, and human health, as well as on preventive measures.