This article discusses methodology and subject of teaching mathematics. The task of a mathematics teacher is to develop students’ independent logical thinking skills and to educate them to be interested in learning the laws of mathematics. Formation of students’ mathematical thinking and mathematical culture. During the students’ gradual study of these laws, their logical thinking develops, and the culture of making mathematical conclusions is formed. Mathematical culture is formed in students by teaching them to correctly express the ideas of a mathematical law in a symbolic language and, on the contrary, to be able to express a mathematical law expressed in a symbolic language in their native language.