International Journal of Law And Criminology

The role of commercial arbitration in resolving transport disputes: international practice

2025-03-08T07:19:45+00:00

The article examines the role of commercial arbitration in resolving transport disputes, with a focus on international practice. Special attention is given to the advantages of arbitration over litigation, as well as the challenges associated with the enforcement of arbitral awards in different jurisdictions. Major arbitration institutes, such as the London Maritime Arbitrators Association (LMAA) and the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), are reviewed. The article also analyzes differing scholarly views on the effectiveness of arbitration in transport disputes, highlighting issues related to the enforcement of awards and the high costs of arbitration procedures.

Ensuring AI Accountability in Judicial Proceedings: An Actor–Network Theory Perspective

2025-03-01T14:34:43+00:00

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly being incorporated into judicial proceedings, from predictive algorithms for sentencing and risk assessment to AI-powered tools for case management. As AI continues to shape the legal landscape, questions regarding accountability in judicial proceedings become more pressing. This paper adopts an Actor–Network Theory (ANT) framework to explore the roles played by human and non-human actors—such as judges, lawyers, AI systems, and legal institutions—in establishing accountability in AI-driven legal processes. Through this lens, we examine the dynamics between these actors and the implications of AI’s role in legal decision-making. The study identifies key challenges surrounding AI accountability in judicial proceedings, highlighting the need for transparent and responsible AI development, while proposing pathways for integrating AI tools ethically and equitably into judicial processes.

International regulation and practice of responsibility of the state as a participant in private international law

2025-03-08T05:23:38+00:00

The notion of state responsibility in private international law embodies a complex dimension that interweaves traditional public international law principles with the realities of cross-border transactions and disputes involving non-state actors. Historically, the doctrine of state responsibility arose as a mechanism by which one state could hold another accountable for breaches of international obligations, particularly in contexts where diplomatic protection served as the primary avenue for individual claimants seeking remedies for wrongful acts.