American Journal of Philological Sciences

Mahmud Kashgari's "Devonu Lug'otit-Turk" Is A Treasury Of The Turkic Language

2025-09-18T04:15:10+00:00

This article discusses the work "Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk" and analyzes the specific features of scientific research conducted on the work. It should be noted that Mahmud Kashgari's "Devon" not only serves as a foundation for modern linguistics, but also serves as the main encyclopedia for many fields. The work "Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk" is an equally valuable work for everyone as a rare monument preserved from the 11th century to the present day.

Department Of Distance Learning Of Humanities And Social Sciences Of The Ajiniyaz Nukus State Pedagogical Institute

2025-09-26T02:56:30+00:00

At the same time, in pedagogical literature, the concept of "professional competence" is understood as a definition of the professional activity of a teacher-educator, the personal qualities and abilities of the educator to solve problems in the educational process, the tasks of professional activity. It is explained that the level of adequate formation of these qualities not only fulfills the pedagogical tasks set before him, but also allows him to independently perform them and develop innovative methods for their solution.

Linguistic Modalities Unveiled: A Comparative Analysis of Oral and Scripted Communication

2025-09-01T11:26:19+00:00

Human language manifests primarily through two distinct modalities: oral (spoken) and scripted (written) communication. While both serve as fundamental vehicles for thought, expression, and information exchange, they possess unique characteristics shaped by their evolutionary trajectories, cognitive demands, and functional applications. This comprehensive linguistic analysis systematically explores the profound differences between these modalities across various linguistic levels, including phonology/graphology, morphology, syntax, lexis, semantics, and pragmatics. Furthermore, it delves into their distinct acquisition processes, cognitive underpinnings, and socio-cultural roles. By meticulously dissecting these divergences, this article aims to illuminate the intricate ways in which the medium of communication fundamentally influences its structure, interpretation, and overall impact on human interaction and knowledge transmission. The insights derived underscore the necessity of recognizing these distinctions for effective language pedagogy, cross-cultural communication, and a deeper appreciation of the multifaceted nature of human linguistic capacity.

Semantic Analysis Of Phraseological Units Relating To Patience And Endurance (English And Uzbek Languages)

2025-09-18T20:20:18+00:00

This article is devoted to the semantic analysis of phraseological units related to patience and endurance, how the concepts of patience and endurance are expressed through phraseological units in linguistics, and also the common similarities and differences between English and Uzbek languages are analyzed. Phraseological units expressing patience and endurance in Uzbek and English languages, their meanings, how they are used in communication, and the psychological and philosophical views reflected in them are reflected. Through the examples mentioned in the article, we will get some information about the specific features of both languages, and also about the life experiences of people an opportunity to explore connections is created.

National And Cultural Features of English And Karakalpak Families

2025-09-15T11:22:59+00:00

This article examines the national and cultural characteristics of family traditions in English and Karakalpak societies from a comparative linguocultural perspective. He explores how both cultures value the family as a central social institution, but differ in terms of traditions, rituals, and social roles. While English families emphasize religious traditions such as individualism, housewarming, and baptism and godfatherhood, Karakalpak families focus on community values, extended family roles, and complex rituals such as umbilical cutting, spraying, and chillakhana. The article highlights how both cultures have preserved their unique family traditions, reflecting their worldview, values, and social development. The role of matchmaking, parental responsibilities, and ritual customs will also be discussed. The role of matchmaking, parental responsibilities, and ritual customs are also discussed, and both universal and culturally specific elements of family life are shown.

Metaphorical Structures Of Tourism Terminology In English And Uzbek

2025-09-23T10:33:41+00:00

This paper explores the metaphorical structures present in tourism terminology across English and Uzbek. Metaphor serves not only as a stylistic device but also as a cognitive tool shaping how tourism is understood and communicated. By drawing on cognitive linguistics, conceptual metaphor theory, and cross-linguistic comparison, this study highlights similarities and divergences in the metaphorical conceptualization of travel, hospitality, and cultural experiences. The findings suggest that while universal metaphors (e.g., TRAVEL IS A JOURNEY, HOSPITALITY IS WARMTH) appear in both languages, culture-specific expressions in Uzbek highlight traditions and communal values, whereas English emphasizes individuality, modernity, and global mobility.

Semantic Differences Of Derivational Affixes In The Uzbek Language

2025-09-18T12:16:47+00:00

This article analyzes the semantic differentiation of word-forming suffixes in the Uzbek language and their conversional relations. The study explains the synonymic, functional, stylistic, and semantic interchangeability of suffixes with illustrative examples. The synonymic relations of affixes such as -dor // -li // ser-, -gar // -chi, -lik // -chilik // -garchilik are discussed, as well as the tendency of functionally weakened suffixes to approach formal markers. Dialectal and stylistic alternations, along with changes in suffixes during the historical development of the language, are also examined. As a result, it is demonstrated that suffixal conversion enriches the vocabulary, diversifies expressive possibilities in speech, and strengthens the relationship between the literary language and dialects.

Object Of Illustration Of Literature

2025-09-27T01:35:40+00:00

This article analyzes the object of illustration in literature, the form of reflection of life and society, the images presented through the landscape, the attitude of creators to the object of illustration, and the places in works of art where the object of illustration is presented. The research conducted by scientists on the subject of artistic imagery is discussed.

Teaching Office Work Issues at Educational Levels

2025-09-15T11:15:11+00:00

This article analyzes the issues of covering topics related to office work in the Uzbek language at different levels of education. The teaching of record keeping and documentation issues in the general education system and higher education is analyzed, and recommendations are given on which issues to teach at which stages.

The Concept Of Values And Their Linguocultural Expression

2025-09-21T22:01:10+00:00

This article explores the concept of values, their sociocultural and moral essence, and their reflection in language from a linguocultural perspective. It examines how values are encoded and transmitted through language units such as proverbs, metaphors, culturally marked words, and discourse. The article also analyzes how values manifest in different languages and how cultural differences affect their semantic expression.

Stylistic Analysis Of The Gastronomic Metaphors “烫手山芋” And “陈谷子烂芝麻” In Chinese Economic Discourse

2025-09-18T04:23:58+00:00

This article presents a stylistic analysis of the gastronomic metaphors “烫手山芋” (tàng shǒu shān yù) and “陈谷子烂芝麻” (chén gǔzi làn zhīma). It explores their meanings in economic texts, their usage, emotional coloring, and both positive and negative connotations. The study also examines the literal meanings of these expressions and how they have undergone metaphorical transformation.

Semantic Types Of Mobile Communication Terms In English And Uzbek: Polysemantic, Synonymous And Antonymic Units

2025-09-26T07:25:48+00:00

The rapid development of information and communication technologies (ICT) has generated a dynamic layer of specialized terminology in many world languages, including English and Uzbek. Within the lexicon of mobile communication, semantic phenomena such as polysemy, synonymy, and antonymy are central to the evolution and usage of terms. This article investigates the semantic types of mobile communication terminology in English and Uzbek, with a comparative focus on polysemantic, synonymous, and antonymic units. The study employs a comparative linguistic methodology based on semantic typology and terminology theory, drawing upon data from English ICT glossaries, Uzbek terminographic sources. Results demonstrate both shared semantic tendencies—such as the extension of basic terms into technical domains—and culturally specific features, including calqued synonyms in Uzbek and metaphor-based polysemy in English. The findings contribute to cross-linguistic terminography, highlighting implications for lexicographic description, translation practices, and standardization of mobile communication terms.

Developing Language Competence by Teaching Proverbs in A Foreign Language

2025-09-15T11:10:35+00:00

This study investigates the impact of proverb-based instruction on developing language competence in a foreign language. Grounded in communicative competence, the lexical approach, and sociocultural pragmatics, the approach integrates authentic proverb use into reading, listening, speaking, and writing tasks. A mixed-methods design compares an experimental group receiving proverb-centered pedagogy with a control group following a standard curriculum over 12 weeks. Quantitative measures assess receptive and productive skills, pragmatic accuracy, and intercultural awareness; qualitative data capture learner motivation and perceived relevance. Findings indicate significant gains in pragmatic use and intercultural understanding, with learners reporting higher engagement and authentic language use. Implications for curriculum design are discussed.

The Language And Style Of Abdulla Oripov’s Poetry

2025-09-21T21:51:51+00:00

The popularity of literature and art rests on the reflection—at a high artistic level and in perfected forms—of the people’s spirit and psychology, their dreams and aspirations, their hopes and desires. Abdulla Oripov’s oeuvre stands out for its weight and significance. With his inimitable poems and epics, accomplished ghazals, the drama Sohibqiron and other dramatic epics, his incomparable satire and translations, as well as his profound speeches and articles, Abdulla Oripov has won a place in our people’s hearts. It would not be an exaggeration to say there is hardly a city or village, hardly a single household, where his name is unknown or his masterworks have not reached.

The Artistic, Aesthetic, And Scientific Significance Of Shukrullo’s Work “Javohirot Sandig‘I” ("The Casket Of Jewels")

2025-09-18T04:17:21+00:00

This article presents some reflections on Shukrullo Yusupov, one of the beloved writers and poets of our people. His memoir “Javohirot sandig‘i” (“The Casket of Jewels”) and the recollections of Abdulla Qahhor, Oybek, and G‘afur G‘ulom contained within it are analyzed. The article discusses how the events and valuable lessons from mentors described in this memoir influenced Shukrullo’s creativity. Shukrullo holds a unique place in Uzbek literature with his diverse short stories, novels, and powerful poems. Here we focus more closely on another distinctive dimension of his work—his memoir writing.

The Image Of The Bride: From Mythology To Folklore, Dramaturgy And Comedy Genres

2025-09-26T02:56:32+00:00

This article analyzes the image of the "bride" in connection with society and culture in literature, mythology, and folklore. The concept of image is illuminated in artistic creation as a means of meaning and symbolic symbols, as a concept reflecting the internal psychological state and socio-cultural identity of a person. The mythopoetic roots of the image of the bride in Turkic and Uzbek culture, the formation of folklore within the framework of customs and rituals, are analyzed. The article presents the image of the bride's image through socio-cultural constructs such as femininity, motherhood, clan loyalty, and family devotion. Folklore and ethnological sources reveal the mythological and anthropomorphic features of the image of the bride based on ritual folklore, wedding traditions, and symbols of folklore. At the same time, the reinterpretation of the image of the bride in Uzbek dramaturgy and the comic genre based on a reflective approach, in the context of social and cultural transformations, in particular, in the satirical works of Abdugani Abduvaliyev, is presented with examples. The study shows the diachronic development of the image of the bride from the point of view of national culture, values, and gender studies, its change based on interdependence in modern conditions, and emphasizes the need for systematic research and preservation of Uzbek mythology.

Paralinguistics and Negative Expressivity: Cultural Scripts of Communication in English and Uzbek

2025-09-15T11:05:28+00:00

This paper explores the role of paralinguistic features in expressing negativity within verbal and non-verbal communication. Focusing on English and Uzbek, it analyzes how tone, intonation, facial expressions, pauses, and other paralinguistic cues convey negative emotions such as frustration, anger, sarcasm, and irony. The study highlights the importance of paralinguistics in cross-cultural communication and discusses implications for language teaching and intercultural understanding.

Linguacultural Interpretation Of Phraseological Units Expressing Personal Spirituality In Uzbek And English

2025-09-18T20:23:14+00:00

This article examines the linguacultural interpretation of Uzbek and English phraseological units that convey human spirituality. It analyzes idioms, proverbs, and fixed expressions as reflections of moral and cultural values, drawing on the works of Uzbek and international scholars. The study demonstrates that phraseology is both a linguistic and cultural phenomenon, contributing to the preservation of national identity, intercultural understanding, and the transmission of spiritual heritage in the context of globalization.

In The Axiolinguistic Study of Aphorisms Human Value

2025-09-15T11:24:11+00:00

The article reflects the axiolinguistic nature of aphorisms characteristic of the works of classical thinkers. The article also examines the reflection of the philosophy of value in language and the study of the value of humanity.

Translation Of English Phraseological Units Into Uzbek On The Basis Of Alternatives (Used On The Example Jennie Gerhardt By Theodore Dreiser)

2025-09-26T02:51:36+00:00

In this article, alternative phraseology in the novel "Jennie Gerhardt" by the famous American writer Theodore Dreiser is examined using the example of the original namely English version, and translation into a second language namely Uzbek version.

Rendering Linguocultural Realia In Literary Prose: A Comparative Analysis Of English And Uzbek Strategies

2025-09-18T12:27:11+00:00

This study examines the translation of linguocultural realia in literary prose through a comparative analysis of Katherine Mansfield’s “The Fly” and Abdulla Qahhor’s “Anor.” It investigates translation procedures and strategies applied when transferring culture-specific items between English and Uzbek. The findings reveal that domestication strategies dominate when rendering English realia into Uzbek, while foreignization is preferred for translating Uzbek realia into English, particularly for ethnographic and symbolic realia. This research highlights the importance of cultural mediation in literary translation and provides practical recommendations for translators working between typologically distant languages.

Lapar And Ceremony Songs Of The Turkestan Region

2025-09-27T01:38:31+00:00

The folk songs of the Uzbeks of the Turkestan region are an integral part of Uzbek folk lyric poetry. The samples recorded in the towns and villages of the Turkestan region, such as Shymkent, Karnak, Sayram, Eski Ekan, Karabulak, Mankent, and Karamurt, encompass all genres of folk lyrics. Observations show that the lapar genre holds a special place in the Turkestan region. At the same time, we can see that these samples resonate with the types of songs widely spread in other regions inhabited by Uzbeks, which are called olan, and in some places, lapar.

Cyclical Time and Repetition In Gabriel García Márquez's Work: An Exploration Of Temporal Poetics In One Hundred Years Of Solitude

2025-09-15T11:18:31+00:00

This research encompasses an artistic investigation of the concept of time in Gabriel García Márquez's "One Hundred Years of Solitude." The study analyzes the temporal labyrinth created through cyclical temporal structure, repetition motifs, and magical realism instead of linear chronology. The distinctive temporal poetics reflecting the historical consciousness of Latin American peoples is examined through narrative techniques, grammatical devices, and narrative pace.

Philosophical Foundations Of The Yassaviy Order

2025-09-21T22:05:36+00:00

This article interprets the philosophical foundations of Yassawiyya, the first Turkic order founded by Khoja Ahmad Yassawiyya, using the concept of Enlightenment and Truth as an example. In the 9th-12th centuries, the peoples of Central Asia freed themselves from the colonial rule of the Arab Caliphate and established their own independent states. During the early Renaissance, along with secular sciences, schools of Sufism were formed. In the 12th century, Khoja Ahmad Yassawiyya founded the Turkestan Sufism school, the first Turkic order - Yassawiyya. The mashoikhs belonging to the Yassawiyya order made a great contribution to the development of Sufi philosophy through their works. The foundations of the philosophy of Yassawiyya are the concepts of Enlightenment and Truth. The concept of Enlightenment is classified based on the sacred state and spiritual levels of the ascetic. The levels of the ascetic's state, including shavq, qurb, uns, yaqin, mushahada, muraqaba, hayrat, muhabbat, ghairat, mukhadara, murod and other manifestations, were manifested in the teachings of Eastern Sufis, in the philosophy of Yassawiyya as a mystical theme. In the study, the concept of Enlightenment was classified as themes. The concept of Truth was classified based on the themes of fano, baqa, sir, lomakan, and wahdati wujud. The philosophy of Yassawiyya was formed under the influence of the teachings of Eastern Sufis. The philosophy of wahdati wujud was interpreted with great skill in the work of Alisher Navoi, a representative of 15th-century Uzbek literature, "Lison ut-tayr". The representatives of the Yassavian sect, founded by Khoja Ahmad Yassawi, made a significant contribution to the development of Central Asian Sufi philosophy.

The Study Of Somatic-Component Proverbs In Linguistics

2025-09-18T06:16:24+00:00

This article examines the active and passive use of human body parts in proverbs belonging to different language systems and outlines the scope of their study. It analyzes in what aspects proverbs formed on the basis of somatisms have been investigated in Uzbek, English, Arabic, Persian, Turkish and Russian, as well as their significance. Furthermore, it is emphasized that in the process of studying proverbs with somatic components from a linguo-cognitive perspective, such issues as concept formation, the emergence of mental structures, and the development of cognitive models should be explored in depth.

Scientific And Theoretical Basis For Developing Linguistic Competence Of Primary School Students

2025-09-26T07:55:46+00:00

This article explores the scientific and theoretical foundations for developing linguistic competence among primary school students, with a particular focus on the educational context of Uzbekistan. Through content analysis, classroom observation, and interviews with primary school teachers, the study reveals a gap between theoretical approaches and their practical implementation in Uzbek schools. The findings highlight the importance of communicative, student-centered, and integrative methods in fostering effective language acquisition. Recommendations are made for curriculum reform, teacher training, and the development of contextually appropriate teaching materials to enhance linguistic competence in primary education.

About the Story "stars Fire Eternally"

2025-09-15T11:15:07+00:00

In this article, thoughts about Tog'ay Murod's story "Stars Burn Forever" are studied, and the events and characters in it are analyzed. Conclusions are given about the main idea and significance of the work.

Values And Their Linguistic Expression: A Linguocultural Perspective

2025-09-21T21:56:29+00:00

This article explores the concept of values as cultural and cognitive constructs, and how they are expressed and reflected in language. Values serve as guiding principles for behavior and social norms within a society and are deeply rooted in the linguistic system. The paper examines the linguistic representation of values across different languages, with a focus on metaphor, proverbs, culturally loaded vocabulary, and discourse strategies. It also highlights how values differ across cultures and how these differences manifest linguistically, affecting translation, intercultural communication, and language teaching.

The Mediatory Function Of Pr In Conflict Situations: Restoring Dialogue Between The State And The Public

2025-09-18T04:20:45+00:00

This article analyzes the mediation function of the public relations system in managing and resolving conflict situations between government agencies and the public. The strategic importance of PR activities as not only a means of conveying information, but also in establishing a dialogue based on compromise is revealed. The study analyzes the causes of communication crises between the state and the public, considers ways to mitigate them through PR tools and restore trust. Also, foreign and national experience is studied, and suggestions and recommendations are made.

Investigating Modern Linguistics Through Pragmatics

2025-09-26T02:59:57+00:00

This article examines how pragmatics functions as a central investigative lens for modern linguistics and how it reshapes the analysis of meaning, interaction, and language use across heterogeneous empirical domains. Building on foundational theories—speech act theory, implicature, relevance, politeness, indexicality—and integrating contemporary approaches such as corpus pragmatics, experimental pragmatics, interactional linguistics, and computational modeling, the study articulates a pragmatic research framework suited to current linguistic problems. Methodologically, the article employs a mixed-theory synthesis and a targeted review of representative corpora-based and experimental studies to illustrate how pragmatic constructs operationalize the relationship between form, context, and inference. Results are presented as converging insights about the distribution of pragmatic phenomena in real usage, the cognitive mechanisms that support inferential communication, and the social dynamics through which norms are negotiated. The discussion argues that pragmatics is no longer a peripheral subfield but a binding “interface science” connecting semantics, syntax, prosody, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, discourse analysis, and natural language processing. It shows that pragmatic reasoning is essential for modeling meaning under uncertainty, for understanding cross-cultural communication, for characterizing variation and change, and for designing language technologies that act appropriately in context. The conclusion delineates a research agenda emphasizing multi-modal evidence, cross-linguistic breadth, open data and tools, and theoretically informed computational implementations to sustain cumulative progress in the next generation of pragmatic inquiry.

Semiotic Study of Linguistic and Cultural Codes in Military Phraseological Units

2025-09-15T11:05:29+00:00

The article examines the semantic and semiotic aspects of linguocultural codes in military phraseological units. The symbolic meaning of phraseological expressions is revealed through the linguocultural codes that shape them. The study distinguishes anthropomorphic (peoples, historical figures, somatisms, military units), quantitative, and objective codes. A comparative analysis of military phraseological units in German and Uzbek demonstrates that their cultural content is closely tied to national mentality. As a result, the role of symbols and subcodes in the military sphere is identified in relation to the nation’s history, worldview, and linguistic consciousness.

The Concept And Structure Of The Linguocultural Code ("Winter" Season In English And Karakalpak Worldview)

2025-09-21T21:48:39+00:00

The article deals with the concept and structure of the linguocultural code with a focus on the seasonal code of “winter” in English and Karakalpak worldviews. The study is based on a comparative linguocultural analysis, combining semantic, phraseological, and folklore-ethnographic methods. In English, “winter” is predominantly associated with metaphors of aging, death, melancholy, and existential pause, while at the same time serving as a symbol of purity, rest, and reflection. In the Karakalpak worldview, “winter” reflects a season of trial and collective endurance, with emphasis on practical adaptation, household traditions, solidarity, and cultural rituals. Universal motifs such as cold, cyclical renewal, and fading life are present in both traditions, but differ in connotative load and pragmatic function. The findings highlight the multilayered nature of the linguocultural code “winter” and demonstrate how language encodes cultural values, identity, and worldview.